Detection of Breast Cancer using the Microstrip Patch Antenna on a PBG

The microstrip patch antenna (MSPA) consists of a dielectric substrate positioned between a metallic steering cover and an earth plane. Microstrip patch antennas are increasingly popular due to their ease of analysis and fabrication, costeffectiveness, lightweight design, ease of feeding, and appealing radiation characteristics. This paper focuses on designing a compact antenna suitable for an extensive domain of radio frequency solicitations, including military purposes. Typically, the MSPA operates through a microstrip edge feed or a coaxial cable. The rectangular and circular patch MSPAs represents the canonical forms of this structure. This paper introduces an innovative photonic band gap substrate-centered MSPA intended for tumor identification. The antenna dimensions are 600x600x157 mu m(3), with a reverberation frequency of 0.203 THz. It exhibits a reflection factor of - 23.7554 dB and a gain of 7.2 dB. The design demonstrates excellent matching with the feedline, as indicated by a VSWR value of 1.1290. The achieved total radiation efficiency is 98.339%. We conduct a comprehensive exploration of variations in the antenna's radiation properties resulting from changes in its geometry. The antenna's radiation characteristics are utilized for cancer diagnosis.