Effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine in children during the 2023/ 24 season: The first season after relaxation of intensive COVID-19 measures

被引：0

作者：

Shinjoh, Masayoshi ^{[1
,2
]}

Yaginuma, Mizuki ^{[1
]}

Yamaguchi, Yoshio ^{[3
]}

Tamura, Kazuyo ^{[4
]}

Furuichi, Munehiro ^{[1
]}

Tsumura, Yuki ^{[5
]}

Itaki, Ryo ^{[6
]}

Iqbal, Asef ^{[7
]}

Maeda, Naonori ^{[8
]}

Narabayashi, Atsushi ^{[9
]}

Kamei, Akinobu ^{[9
]}

Shibata, Akimichi ^{[10
]}

Yamada, Go ^{[11
]}

Nishida, Mitsuhiro ^{[12
]}

Kenichiro, Tsunematsu ^{[13
]}

Chiga, Michiko ^{[6
]}

Shimoyamada, Motoko ^{[14
]}

Yoshida, Makoto ^{[15
]}

Fukushima, Naoya ^{[16
]}

Nakata, Yuji ^{[4
]}

Fukushima, Hiroyuki ^{[17
]}

Kawakami, Chiharu ^{[18
]}

Narumi, Satoshi ^{[1
]}

Sugaya, Norio ^{[19
]}

机构：

[1] Keio Univ, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, 35 Shinanomachi,Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1608582, Japan

[2] Keio Univ Hosp, Div Infect Control, 35 Shinanomachi,Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1608582, Japan

[3] Natl Hosp Org Tochigi Med Ctr, Dept Clin Res, Dept Infect & Allergy, 1-10-37 Nakatomaturi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 3208580, Japan

[4] Nippon Koukan Hosp, Dept Pediat, 1-2-1 Koukan-dori,Kawasaki Ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 2100852, Japan

[5] Keiyu Hosp, Dept Pediat, 3-7-3 Minatomirai Nishi Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2208521, Japan

[6] Tokyo Metropolitan Otsuka Hosp, Dept Pediat, 2-8-1 Minamiotsuka,Toshima, Tokyo 1708476, Japan

[7] Saitama Hosp, Natl Hosp Org, Dept Pediat, 2-1 Suwa, Wako, Saitama 3510102, Japan

[8] Natl Hosp Org Tokyo Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 2-5-1 Higashigaoka,Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528902, Japan

[9] Kawasaki Municipal Hosp, Dept Pediat, 12-1 Shinkawadori,Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 2100013, Japan

[10] Japanese Red Cross Ashikaga Hosp, Dept Pediat, 284-1 Yobe-cho, Ashikaga, Tochigi 3260843, Japan

[11] Ota Mem Hosp, Dept Pediat, 455-1 Ohshimacho, Ota City, Gunma 2738585, Japan

[12] Shizuoka City Shimizu Hosp, Dept Pediat, 1231 Miyakami,Shimizu Ku, Shizuoka, Shizuoka 4248636, Japan

[13] Hino Municipal Hosp, Dept Pediat, 4-3-1 Tamadaira,Hino Shi, Tokyo 1910062, Japan

[14] Saitama City Hosp, Dept Pediat, 2460 Mimuro,Midori-ku, Saitama Shi, Saitama 3360911, Japan

[15] Sano Kosei Gen Hosp, Dept Pediat, 1728 Horigome Chou, Sano City, Tochigi 3278511, Japan

[16] Hiratsuka City Hosp, Dept Pediat, 1-19-1 Minamihara, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 2540065, Japan

[17] Ichikawa Gen Hosp, Dept Pediat, Tokyo Dent Coll, 5-11-13,Sugano Ichikawa, Chiba 2720824, Japan

[18] Med Res Inst, Natl Ctr Global Hlth, 1-21-1 Toyama,Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1628655, Japan

[19] Keio Pediat Influenza Res Grp, 35 Shinanomachi,Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1608582, Japan

来源：

VACCINE | 2024年 / 42卷 / 23期

关键词：

Influenza; Children; Vaccine; Inactivated vaccine; Vaccine effectiveness; Test-negative design;

D O I：

10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126241

中图分类号：

R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];

学科分类号：

100102 ;

摘要：

Background: The annual administration of the influenza vaccine is the most effective method for preventing influenza. We have evaluated the effectiveness of the inactivated influenza vaccine in children aged 6 months to 15 years across the seasons from 2013/2014 to 2022/2023. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of the inactivated influenza vaccine in the 2023/2024 season, the first year following the easing of strict COVID-19 measures, and possibly the last season when only the inactivated vaccine is available on the market. Methods: Adjusted vaccine effectiveness for the 2023/2024 season was assessed using a test-negative case-control design, with results based on polymerase chain reaction and rapid influenza diagnostic tests. Vaccine effectiveness was calculated by influenza type and patient hospitalization/outpatient status. Results: A total of 1832 children were recruited. The inactivated influenza vaccine was effective in preventing both symptomatic influenza A and B in both inpatient and outpatient settings. Overall vaccine effectiveness for influenza A was 51% (95% confidence interval [CI], 23%-69%, n = 930) in inpatient settings and 54% (95%CI, 27%-71%, n = 559) in outpatient settings. For influenza B, effectiveness was 60% (95%CI, 22%-79%, n = 859) in inpatient settings and 56% (95%CI, 26%-74%, n = 558) in outpatient settings. Analysis suggested that administering two doses enhanced effectiveness specifically against influenza B. Conclusions: This is the first study to demonstrate influenza vaccine effectiveness in children after the relaxation of strict COVID-19 measures in Japan (2023/2024). We recommend the current inactivated vaccine for preventing both influenza A and B in children, with consideration for the potential use of two doses to enhance effectiveness against influenza B.

引用

页数：9

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