Research on optimal management strategy of electro-thermal hybrid shared energy storage based on Nash bargaining under source-load uncertainty

Electro-thermal hybrid shared energy storage (ET-HSES) is an effective energy sharing method to reduce costs and improve the operating efficiency and energy utilization of multi-energy microgrid (MEMG) systems. However, the instability of renewable generation and load power in multiple multi-energy microgrids (MEMGs) increases the difficulty of balancing the economics and robustness of ET-HSES. Therefore, to solve this problem, this paper proposes a low-carbon economy energy sharing management strategy between ET-HSES and MEMGs considering source-load uncertainty. Firstly, the system structure and transaction mechanism of ET-HSES and MEMGs interconnection are introduced. Secondly, carbon trading mechanism is introduced, the independent operation models of ET-HSES and MEMGs are constructed, and robust interval optimization is used to deal with source-load uncertainty. Then, based on the Nash bargaining theory, a cooperative operation model between ETHSES and MEMGs is established. Finally, the solution is performed in a distributed manner using the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) to provide privacy disclosure, and is solved by using CPLEX and MOSEK in Matlab R2023a. The results show that in comparison to operating independently, the annual comprehensive costs of MEMG1, MEMG2, and MEMG3 are reduced by 178.61 %, 3.99 %, and 5.22 % through energy sharing with ET-HSES, respectively, while the annual total carbon emissions decrease by 5.46 %. Both the ET-HSES and the three MEMGs demonstrate an economic benefit increase of 1.08 x 105$, indicating the effectiveness of the bargaining scheme and fairness in benefit distribution. At the same time, the profit margin of ET-HSES in the summer is the largest, accounting for 36.37 % of the total annual revenue. Moreover, the increase in the number of uncertain factors or robustness factors lead to an increase in the operating costs and carbon emissions of MEMGs, as well as an increase in the ET-HSES revenue.