A Systematic Review on Multi-Factor Authentication Framework

In the new era of technology, where information can be accessed and gained at the push of a button, security concerns are raised about protecting the system and data privacy and confidentiality. Traditional ways of user authentication are vulnerable to multiple attacks across all platforms. Various studies propose the use of more than one authentication process to enhance the security level of a system, either hosted on-premise or on the cloud. However, there is limited study on guidelines and appropriate authentication frameworks that suit the needs of an organization. A systematic literature review of a Multi-Factor Authentication framework was conducted through five primary databases: Scopus, IEEE, Science Direct, Springer Link, and Web of Science. The review examined the proposed solution and the underlying methods in a Multi-Factor Authentication framework. Numerous authentication methods were combined to address specific system and data security challenges. The most common authentication method is biometric authentication, which addresses the uniqueness of the user's biological identity. The majority of the proposed solutions were proof of concept and require a pilot test or experiment in the future.