Cultural Distinction and the University of Toronto: Constructing Symbolic Boundaries of Social Class in Canada, 1894-1950

被引:0
|
作者
Mclean, Scott [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Calgary, Dept Sociol, Calgary, AB, Canada
关键词
boundaries; Bourdieu; cultural distinction; historical sociology; non-formal education; social class; universities; INEQUALITY; ORIGINS;
D O I
10.3138/jcs-2023-0008
中图分类号
C [社会科学总论];
学科分类号
03 ; 0303 ;
摘要
In the first half of the twentieth century, the University of Toronto was a preeminent cultural institution in Canada. Based on a critical interpretation of archival documents, this article narrates the history of four non-formal educational programs through which the University of Toronto created opportunities for Canadians to develop privileged forms of cultural taste and practice: the administration of local examinations in music across Canada, the development of a museum oriented to public visitation, the organization of public lectures in collaboration with local associations across Ontario, and the delivery of non-credit evening courses in Toronto. These four programs engaged hundreds of thousands of Canadians in forms of activity that supported the development of what Bourdieu conceptualized as constellations of cultural distinction: arrays of tastes and practices that mark symbolic boundaries of social class. Two of the programs resulted in national cultural institutions (Royal Conservatory of Music and Royal Ontario Museum) prominent in fields that have been empirically associated with social class boundaries in Canada. The other two programs declined in significance after 1950 and have not previously been included in analyses of cultural distinction. This article explores the historical role of Canadian universities in constructing symbolic boundaries of social class. Dans la premi & egrave;re moiti & eacute; du XXe si & egrave;cle, l'Universit & eacute; de Toronto & eacute;tait une institution culturelle de premier plan au Canada. S'appuyant sur une interpr & eacute;tation critique de documents d'archives, le pr & eacute;sent article raconte l'histoire de quatre programmes d'& eacute;ducation non formelle gr & acirc;ce auxquels l'Universit & eacute; de Toronto a donn & eacute; & agrave; des Canadiens la possibilit & eacute; de d & eacute;velopper des formes privil & eacute;gi & eacute;es de go & ucirc;ts et de pratiques en mati & egrave;re de culture : la tenue d'examens de musique locaux d'un bout & agrave; l'autre du Canada, la mise sur pied d'un mus & eacute;e orient & eacute; vers la visite par le public, l'organisation de conf & eacute;rences en collaboration avec des associations locales aux quatre coins de l'Ontario, et l'offre de cours du soir non cr & eacute;dit & eacute;s & agrave; Toronto. Par ces quatre programmes, des centaines de milliers de Canadiens ont particip & eacute; & agrave; des formes d'activit & eacute; qui ont favoris & eacute; l'essor de ce que Bourdieu a appel & eacute; des constellations de distinction culturelle : des ensembles de go & ucirc;ts et de pratiques qui d & eacute;limitent symboliquement la classe sociale. Deux de ces programmes ont donn & eacute; naissance & agrave; des institutions culturelles nationales de premier plan (le Conservatoire royal de musique et le Mus & eacute;e royal de l'Ontario) dans des domaines qui ont & eacute;t & eacute; empiriquement associ & eacute;s aux fronti & egrave;res des classes sociales au Canada. Les deux autres programmes ont perdu de leur importance apr & egrave;s 1950 et n'ont jamais & eacute;t & eacute; inclus auparavant dans les analyses de la distinction culturelle. Cet article explore le r & ocirc;le historique des universit & eacute;s canadiennes dans la construction de fronti & egrave;res symboliques entre les classes sociales.
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页码:129 / 158
页数:30
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