Effectiveness of the transitional care model in total knee arthroplasty patients: A randomized controlled trial

AimThis study has aimed to assess the effectiveness of the transitional care model (TCM) on functional status, perceived self-efficacy and healthcare utilization in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA).MethodThis randomized controlled study was conducted between February and November 2021 in a public hospital. The study randomly assigned patients to either a 6-week 'TCM' program or usual care. The sample size was n = 70, with each group comprising 35 individuals. Patient outcomes, including self-efficacy, functional status and healthcare service readmission rates, were monitored for TKA patients.ResultsNursing care based on the 'TCM' was found to enhance functional status and increase the level of self-efficacy among TKA patients, leading to a decrease in healthcare service readmissions.ConclusionsThe study recommends preparing patients and their families for the preoperative and postoperative processes. It emphasizes the importance of providing necessary training and consultancy services under the leadership of orthopaedic nurses responsible for TKA patient care, guided by the principles of TCM. What is already known about this topic? Treatment for knee osteoarthritis aims to alleviate pain, maintain joint functions and improve the quality of life. The success of transitional care relies on effective hospital discharge planning, post-discharge follow-up and home support to reduce adverse events.What this paper adds? Patients receiving TCM demonstrated improved outcomes and reduced healthcare service readmission rates. Nursing care based on the transitional care model positively affected the functional status of TKA patients. TCM increased patients' self-efficacy levels.The implications of this paper: Patient training and consultancy services should be led by nurses responsible for TKA patients, guided by the principles of TCM. TCM should serve as a valuable guide for nurses when planning care for TKA patients.