Impact of immunotherapy on liver metastasis

This editorial discusses the article "Analysis of the impact of immunotherapy efficacy and safety in patients with gastric cancer and liver metastasis" published in the latest edition of the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery. Immunotherapy has achieved outstanding success in tumor treatment. However, the presence of liver metastasis (LM) restrains the efficacy of immunotherapy in various tumors, including lung cancer, colorectal cancer, renal cell carcinoma, melanoma, and gastric cancer. A decrease in CD8+ T cells and nature killer cells, along with an increase in macrophages and regulatory T cells, was observed in the microenvironment of LM, leading to immunotherapy resistance. More studies are necessary to determine the best strategy for enhancing the effectiveness of immunotherapy in patients with LM.