Precision medicine in breast cancer (Review)

被引:0
|
作者
Papalexis, Petros [1 ,2 ]
Georgakopoulou, Vasiliki Epameinondas [3 ]
Drossos, Panagiotis V. [2 ]
Thymara, Eirini [1 ]
Nonni, Aphrodite [1 ]
Lazaris, Andreas C. [1 ]
Zografos, George C. [4 ]
Spandidos, Demetrios A. [5 ]
Kavantzas, Nikolaos [1 ]
Thomopoulou, Georgia Eleni [6 ]
机构
[1] Natl & Kapodistrian Univ Athens, Sch Med, Dept Pathol 1, Athens 11527, Greece
[2] Univ West Attica, Dept Biomed Engn, Athens 12243, Greece
[3] Natl & Kapodistrian Univ Athens, Laiko Gen Hosp, Dept Pathophysiol, 17 Agiou Thoma St, Athens 11527, Greece
[4] Univ Athens, Hippokrat Hosp, Med Sch, Dept Propedeut Surg, Athens 11527, Greece
[5] Univ Crete, Sch Med, Lab Clin Virol, Iraklion 71003, Greece
[6] Natl & Kapodistrian Univ Athens, Attikon Univ Gen Hosp, Sch Med, Cytopathol Dept, Athens 11527, Greece
关键词
breast cancer; precision medicine; artificial intelligence; genetics; immunotherapy; IMMUNOTHERAPY; SUBTYPES;
D O I
10.3892/mco.2024.2776
中图分类号
R73 [肿瘤学];
学科分类号
100214 ;
摘要
Precision medicine in breast cancer is a revolutionary approach that customizes diagnosis and treatment based on individual and tumor characteristics, departing from the traditional one-size-fits-all approach. Breast cancer is diverse, with various subtypes driven by distinct genetic mutations. Understanding this diversity is crucial for tailored treatment strategies that target specific vulnerabilities in each tumor. Genetic testing, particularly for mutations in breast cancer gene (BRCA) DNA repair-associated genes, helps assess hereditary risks and influences treatment decisions. Molecular subtyping guides personalized treatments, such as hormonal therapies for receptor-positive tumors and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted treatments. Targeted therapies, including those for HER2-positive and hormone receptor-positive breast cancers, offer more effective and precise interventions. Immunotherapy, especially checkpoint inhibitors, shows promise, particularly in certain subtypes such as triple-negative breast cancer, with ongoing research aiming to broaden its effectiveness. Integration of big data and artificial intelligence enhances personalized treatment strategies, while liquid biopsies provide real-time insights into tumor dynamics, aiding in treatment monitoring and modification. Challenges persist, including accessibility and tumor complexity, but emerging technologies and precision prevention offer hope for improved outcomes. Ultimately, precision medicine aims to optimize treatment efficacy, minimize adverse effects and enhance the quality of life for patients with breast cancer.
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页数:8
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