Assessment of Burden on Family Caregivers of Children With Sickle Cell Anemia in Al Madinah Al Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia

Background Sickle cell anemia (SCA) results in various complications, necessitating continuous daily care and placing burdens on caregivers. Objectives This study aims to assess the burden on family caregivers of children with SCA and its associated factors. Materials and methods This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in Madinah City, Saudi Arabia. We included family caregivers of children with SCA who were registered and treated at the Maternity and Child Hospital in King Salman Medical City. Data were collected from all registered files of children who received treatment for SCA. Data from participants was obtained using the validated Arabic version of the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI). Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, independent sample t-tests, and multivariate regression analysis were used in the statistical analysis. Results Overall, 124 caregivers participated out of 166 (response rate: 74.7%), among which 83 (66.9%) were fathers, 72 (58.1%) were aged >= 40 years, 96 (77.4%) held Saudi nationality, and 62 (50%) had a monthly income of <5000 SAR. The average daily caregiving hours were 5 +/- 4 hours, and 30 (24.2%) of children were diagnosed with associated physical or psychological diseases. The Zarit Burden Interview score indicated that 45 (36.3%) of caregivers reported no burden, whereas 51 (41.1%), 22 (17.7%), and 6 (4.8%) reported mild, moderate, and severe burden, respectively. Factors contributing to the burden included being a mother, low financial resources, non-Saudi nationality, children diagnosed with associated physical or psychological diseases, and caregiving hours. Conclusions The burden on SCA caregivers was higher for caregivers who were mothers, non-Saudis, those with lower income, and children with physical or psychological diseases, as well as more caregiving hours. Enhancing the overall well-being of families affected by the SCA burden involves creating targeted interventions and comprehensive support programs.