Adaptive Complexity Model Predictive Control

This work introduces a formulation of model predictive control (MPC), which adaptively reasons about the complexity of the model while maintaining feasibility and stability guarantees. Existing approaches often handle computational complexity by shortening prediction horizons or simplifying models, both of which can result in instability. Inspired by related approaches in behavioral economics, motion planning, and biomechanics, our method solves MPC problems with a simple model for dynamics and constraints over regions of the horizon where such a model is feasible and a complex model where it is not. The approach leverages an interleaving of planning and execution to iteratively identify these regions, which can be safely simplified if they satisfy an exact template/anchor relationship. We show that this method does not compromise the stability and feasibility properties of the system, and measures performance in simulation experiments on a quadrupedal robot executing agile behaviors over terrains of interest. We find that this adaptive method enables more agile motion (55% increase in top speed) and expands the range of executable tasks compared with fixed-complexity implementations.