Development of lightweight structural concrete with artificial aggregate manufactured from local clay and solid waste materials

The partial replacement of conventional natural coarse aggregate (NCA) with artificial light weight aggregate (LWA) manufactured from local clay and solid waste to develop a lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) for the structural use was studied in this paper. Red clay and Savar clay were used individually with solid wastes like rice husk ash (RHA) and waste glass to produce LWA. The suitability of raw materials and LWA was evaluated by investigating various properties. The mechanical, thermal and durability properties of manufactured LWAC were explored. The results of physical, chemical, thermal and geotechnical properties revealed that Red clay is better than Savar clay for the preparation of LWA. All the physical and mechanical properties of LWA prepared from Red clay are suitable for the preparation of LWAC compared to Savar clay. The test results demonstrated that the concrete manufactured by replacing 30 % of NCA with LWA produced a concrete of lightweight properties. The compressive strength of LWAC for 7 and 28 days was observed as 28 and 48 MPa, respectively. The results of modulus of elasticity, splitting tensile strength, flexural deformation, and creep test of LWAC revealed that these mechanical properties meet the requirements for the structural concrete. The RCP test proves that chlorine permeability of LWAC is comparable with NCA. It was observed that the superior performance of LWAC can be achieved only when the optimized mix designed is followed strictly. The suitability of the replacement of natural aggregate by LWA may be helpful for Bangladesh due to the scarcity of natural coarse aggregate and reusability of solid waste materials.