Experimental Study on the Reconstruction of a Light Field through a Four-Step Phase-Shift Method and Multiple Improvement Iterations of the Least Squares Method for Phase Unwrapping

Phase unwrapping technology can reflect the true phase information of an image, but it is affected by adverse factors such as noise, shadows, and fractures when extracting the true phase information of an object. Therefore, corresponding unwrapping algorithms need to be studied for different interference images. This paper summarizes and analyzes various phase unwrapping algorithms and ultimately selects the required method based on their advantages and disadvantages. Using the four-step phase-shift method to reconstruct the phase of the optical field and then combining it with the least squares method to unwrap the phase through multiple improvement iterations, the simulated collected interference fringe images are simulated using the MATLAB program to complete the phase unwrapping of the interference information field. Based on the analysis of the final experimental results, the reliability of this research method was verified.