Asymmetry in the Perception of Electrical Chirps Presented to Cochlear Implant Listeners

IntroductionAlthough a broadband acoustic click is physically the shortest duration sound we can hear, its peripheral neural representation is not as short because of cochlear filtering. The traveling wave imposes frequency-dependent delays to the sound waveform so that in response to a click, apical nerve fibers, coding for low frequencies, are excited several milliseconds after basal fibers, coding for high frequencies. Nevertheless, a click sounds like a click and these across-fiber delays are not perceived. This suggests that they may be compensated by the central auditory system, rendering our perception consistent with the external world. This explanation is difficult to evaluate in normal-hearing listeners because the contributions of peripheral and central auditory processing cannot easily be disentangled. Here, we test this hypothesis in cochlear implant listeners for whom cochlear mechanics is bypassed.MethodEight cochlear implant users ranked in perceived duration 12 electrical chirps of various physical durations and spanning the cochlea in the apex-to-base or base-to-apex direction (Exp. 1). Late-latency cortical potentials were also recorded in response to a subset of these chirps (Exp. 2).ResultsWe show that an electrical chirp spanning the cochlea from base-to-apex is perceived as shorter than the same chirp spanning the cochlea in the opposite direction despite having the same physical duration. Cortical potentials also provide neural correlates of this asymmetry in perception.ConclusionThese results demonstrate that the central auditory system processes frequency sweeps differently depending on the direction of the frequency change and that this processing difference is not simply the result of peripheral filtering.