Extended Diffie-Hellman protocol based on exponential and multiplication operations over modular arithmetic

In this modern digital world, a huge volume of data is transmitted over the internet. This data transmission is done through the communication channel and the communication channel might be insecure. The unauthorised disclosure and tempering of data is a threat to the integrity of the message in network security, hence security is required during the data transmission between two or more parties. Diffie-Hellman is the first key exchange protocol proposed for this purpose. However, there are several attacks are possible in this scheme. In this research article, the authors provide a solution for passive attacks and increase the Diffie-Hellman algorithm's security against potential passive attacks, even if the mod value is small. In this extended improved version of Diffie-Hellman, the final key does not rely directly on mod value which makes the passive attack more complex as compared to the original Diffie-Hellman.