Use of cinacalcet in secondary hyperparathyroidism: assessment of nutritional, lipid and inflammatory status in chronic kidney disease

Introduction: observations in cell lines suggest that the use of cinacalcet could be associated with increase in body fat, inflammatory state, and alteration in lipid metabolism. However, when scaling the model to the clinical level, the occurrence of these effects is unknown. Objectives: to analyze the effect of cinacalcet therapy on anthropometric, inflammatory and lipid parameters in renal patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). Methods: observational study with two approaches. The retrospective study included 89 patients who started cinacalcet treatment since 2018 with a maximum follow-up of 36 months. Body mass index (BMI) variables, waist circumference, tricipital skinfold, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and biochemical profile were analyzed. The prospective study included 52 patients who started cinacalcet treatment since 2020 with a 12 -month follow-up. BMI, PTH, lipid profile, and PCR variables were analyzed. Results: in the retrospective study, BMI was 27 kg/m(2 ), with 62 % overweight and 65 % of patients with high cardiovascular risk. Cinacalcet reduced PTH by 12 % after six months ( p < 0.01) and serum calcium decreased by 3.4 % at the end of follow-up ( p = 0.04). According to the prospective study, BMI was 26.8 kg/m(2 ), with 60 % overweight. PTH decreased by 8.4 % after six months. Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides decreased by 6.8 %, 12.5 %, and 5.5 %, respectively, at the end of follow-up. Conclusions: the prevalent nutritional status is excess weight. In patients with SHPT, cinacalcet improves PTH control without causing changes in anthropometric, lipid, and inflammatory parameters.