Efficient and effective removal of toluene from aqueous solution using MIL-100(Fe)

The MIL-100(Fe) was employed for the remediation of toluene-contaminated water. The MIL-100(Fe) samples synthesised for this work exhibit high thermal (300 degrees C) and chemical (pH range 2-10) stability. Adsorption kinetics and isotherms were fitted to the Elovich and Temkin models. The pH of the aqueous sample containing Toluene impacted the adsorption capacity of MIL-100(Fe) through modulation of the MOF zeta potential. As a result, we concluded that MIL-100(Fe) is most effective at adsorbing toluene in the 6-10 pH range, a finding that underscores its potential in water treatment. The maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity of 318.48 mg g-1 was determined. MIL-100(Fe) showed excellent adsorption-desorption performance and stability; hence, it can be used repeatedly without losing toluene adsorption capacity. FT-IR spectra suggest that pi-pi interactions serve a crucial role during toluene adsorption, further confirming the effectiveness of MIL-100 (Fe) in water treatment. The MIL-100(Fe) was used for toluene remediation through adsorption from water.