Day-ahead operation of a multi-energy microgrid community with shared hybrid energy storage and EV integration

Seasonal variations in demand and renewable generation present challenges for investing in fixed storage systems due to high costs and reduced adaptability, especially for multi-energy microgrids (MEMGs) that cater to diverse demand dimensions. To address these issues, this study presents a collaborative model of the MEMG community comprising electric, thermal, cooling, and an emerging hydrogen network with shared hybrid energy storage (SHES). The SHES comprises of electric storage, a heat storage tank, and a hydrogen storage system to serve multiple demands within MEMGs. To this end, a day-ahead mixed integer linear programming (MILP)-based model is developed with internal multi-energy trading to minimize the overall costs and emissions of the MEMG community. Additionally, the dynamic capacity allocation strategy of SHES is adopted to address variations in demand and renewable. Electric vehicles (EVs) providing vehicle-to-grid (V2G) services are also incorporated, and Monte Carlo simulations (MCS) are performed to address uncertainties. The results show that the proposed model effectively reduces the cost and emissions of the MEMG community by 0.6% and 1.9% compared with individual storage structures. The comparative analysis with conventional SHES architecture (ESS+HSS and ESS+TSS) shows the economic feasibility of the proposed model with a cost reduction of 0.8% and 0.7%. Additionally, the consideration of multi-energy trading reduces the cost and emissions by 0.59% and 5.3%. Thus, the proposed model proves to be both economically and environmentally viable.