THE ROLE OF MIGRATIONS IN THE CULTURALGENESISOFTHE WESTERN SIBERIANPOPULATION IN THE MIDDLE AGES (FOREST-STEPPE AND SUB-TAIGA ZONES)

The paper examines anthropological and socio-economic concepts in the study of migration, focusing on the regional level. Approximately 400 archeological objects were sources of the work, including settlements, ceme-teries, places of cults, places of finds, dating from the 4thto the 13thcenturies AD in the forest-steppe and sub-taiga zones of the Tobol-Irtysh basins, as well as data on the anthropological composition of the population. The authors highlight the significant contribution of ethnic and cultural diversity, as well as migration, to the histori-cal and cultural processes of Western Siberia during the Great Migration epoch, Early Middle Ages, and during the period from the 10thto the 13thcenturies.WhiletheGreatMigrationepoch was dominatedbymeridian inva-sions in theforest-steppe,the main roleinshaping the cultural and anthropologicalcomposition wasplayed by migrantsfromthe taiga Karym culture.The historical and cultural dynamicsof the Tobol and Ishim basins and Ir-tysh region differed, as theautochthonouspopulationdominated in the Trans-Urals, whilenorthern migrants were the dominant group in the Irtysh basin. They created autonomouscultural formations, such as theBakalskaya and Potchevash cultures. Intrazonal latitudinal movement to the West wasclearly manifested up to the outflow of the population in the Pereyma type sites. This process was likely driven by the expansion of Kipchaks and Pechenegs. The involvement of Western Siberia into global economy also contributed to the migration of small groups, who brought technological innovations and established trade routes. In the 10th-13thcenturies, there was a persistent difference in the proportions of sub-stratum and super-stratum groups in the Trans-Urals and Irtysh region. The significant expansion of the Ugrian people from the Lower Ob region towards the Southwest led to the emer-gence of a new cultural environment, known as the Yudino formation. This, along with the revival of autochtho-nous principles and the influx of small groups of nomads from the East (Ust'-Ishim culture), contributed to the Turkization of the Ugric world