Beyond singular perspectives: Minority-group members' acculturation expectations and tightness

Previous research has established that ethnic minority groups experience specific acculturation expectations from the majority group. However, this research has largely ignored minority-group members' expectations toward their own group and its heterogeneity. Sampling 327 Haredi Israeli minority-group members, the present study had three main objectives: (1) Identify the acculturation expectations individuals hold toward their minority group; (2) identify to which extent those expectations are uniform (i.e., tight) or differ (i.e., loose) toward subgroups of their overarching group, operationalized as within-individual standard deviations; and (3) examine whether a set of psychological variables is meaningfully correlated with both acculturation expectation means and tightness. Although participants on average endorsed separation expectations, these expectations were also relatively loose (i.e., not uniformly expected from all Haredi subgroups). Whereas integration expectations were also relatively pronounced and loose, assimilation and marginalization expectations were low and tight. Perceived physical threat toward the group was associated with high assimilation expectations. Personal mortality thereat was associated with higher integration expectations, whereas past victimization was associated with lower assimilation and higher separation expectations. The belief in the eternity of the group was positively associated with separation expectations and negatively associated with marginalization, integration, and assimilation expectations. The belief in the eternity of the group was also associated with looser separation expectations and tighter assimilation expectations. Bicultural identity harmony was associated with higher assimilation and integration expectations, lower separation expectations, and generally more loose expectations. We discuss the implications of the findings for research and society.