Japanese High School Students' Attitudes and Ways of Learning with Technology Outside of School After the Pandemic

After the pandemic, the learning environment surrounding students have changed dramatically in terms of technology, and there has been insufficient research on what kind of ICT environment high school students actually use to study and what kind of attitudes they have toward school and learning. The author conducted a nationwide online questionnaire survey on how high school students changed their learning methods and who (or what) do they trust in thinking about their learning and career path. The author found that there has been little progress in the informatization of education in schools, and that the use of ICT in pupils' learning was already widespread before pandemic. Schoolteachers are still trusted by students to some extent, however, they are not as trusted as cram school teachers. Twenty per cent of respondents trusted information from nonhuman sources. In terms of the types of people and things that students trust, pupils were categorized as school-oriented, relationship-oriented, rationality-oriented, nonhuman, and school-distrusting, revealing a picture of students that schools may not have envisaged before.