Cognitive driven gait freezing phase detection and classification for neuro-rehabilitated patients using machine learning algorithms

Background: The significance of diagnosing illnesses associated with brain cognitive and gait freezing phase patterns has led to a recent surge in interest in the study of gait for mental disorders. A more precise and effective way to characterize and classify many common gait problems, such as foot and brain pulse disorders, can improve prognosis evaluation and treatment options for Parkinson patients. Nonetheless, the primary clinical technique for assessing gait abnormalities at the moment is visual inspection, which depends on the subjectivity of the observer and can be inaccurate. Research question: This study investigates whether it is possible to differentiate between gait brain disorder and the typical walking pattern using machine learning driven supervised learning techniques and data obtained from inertial measurement unit sensors for brain, hip and leg rehabilitation. Method: The proposed method makes use of the Daphnet freezing of Gait Data Set, consisted of 237 instances with 9 attributes. The method utilizes machine learning and feature reduction approaches in leg and hip gait recognition. Results: From the obtained results, it is concluded that among all classifiers RF achieved highest accuracy as 98.9 % and Perceptron achieved lowest i.e. 70.4 % accuracy. While utilizing LDA as feature reduction approach, KNN, RF and NB also achieved promising accuracy and F1-score in comparison with SVM and LR classifiers. Significance: In order to distinguish between the different gait disorders associated with brain tissues freezing/ non-freezing and normal walking gait patterns, it is shown that the integration of different machine learning algorithms offers a viable and prospective solution. This research implies the need for an impartial approach to support clinical judgment.