Understanding the Mechanosensitivity of the Median Nerve in Pre-Surgical Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Patients: A Correlational Study

(1) Background: Neurodynamic tests are recommended for the diagnosis of entrapment neuropathies such as carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). However, their association with clinical variables in severe patients or patients with associated comorbidities is poorly documented. This study aims to analyze the association between the mechanosensitivity of the median nerve and symptoms, function and psycho-social variables in moderate and severe carpal tunnel syndrome patients with comorbidities; (2) Methods: Correlational study. In total, 42 pre-surgical patients (24 females; 59.1 +/- 12.7 years) included in the Spanish Public Healthcare System with an electrodiagnostic of CTS were selected. Sociodemographic variables and clinical features (symptoms, function, sensitivity and quality of life evaluated with the 36-item Short Form Survey (SF-36) and the Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale (MOS-sleep) were recorded. Upper Limb Neurodynamic Test 1 was used to evaluate neural mechanosensitivity; (3) Results: The 81% had a severe CTS and 78.6% had some comorbidity. The average time from the first medical visit to the surgeon's visit was 365.5 days. Median nerve mechanosensitivity correlated weakly with the SF-36 subscale, General Health, (Spearman's rho = 0.367) and MOS sleep scale, Awaken Short of Breath or with headache dimension (Spearman's rho = -0.353) and moderately with SF-36 subscale, Social Functioning (Spearman's rho = 0.553); (4) Conclusions: No associations were observed for median nerve mechanosensitivity, except for quality of life and sleep. Both social determinants and clinical variables should be considered when examining and treating these patients.