Should wide chest wall resections and reconstruction intimidate thoracic surgeons?

Background: This study aimed to compare patients in whom wide chest wall resection and reconstruction or primary closure was performed. Methods: A total of 63 patients who underwent chest wall resection and reconstruction between January 2018 and December 2022 were included in the retrospective study. The patients were divided into two groups: the first group, which included 31 patients (14 males, 17 females; mean age: 44.6 +/- 16.4 years; range, 16 to 71 years) who were closed primarily, and the second group, constituting 32 patients (25 males, 7 females; mean age: 54.6 +/- 17.2 years; range, 9 to 80 years) who underwent reconstruction with plates and meshes. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of smoking and diabetes. Primary chest wall or metastatic tumor was determined in 33 patients; benign tumor and trauma were determined in 30 patients. The difference between the two groups in mean defect diameter (p=0.009), mean number of plates used (p<0.001), and mean hospital stay (p<0.001) was statistically significant. However, there was no significant difference in terms of complications (p=0.426). Conclusion: Wide chest wall resection and reconstruction is a safe and feasible surgical procedure when compared with primary closure.