Effects of social distancing during COVID-19 on informal learning behaviours and work performance: the role of organisational remote working cultures

We explored the impact of social distancing and the subsequent shift to remote work during the COVID-19 pandemic on informal learning behaviours and work performance. To accomplish this, we conducted a large-scale international study at the peak of the pandemic in 2021, utilising self-report questionnaires distributed via online social business networks, with a total of N = 1,236 participants. In our study, we developed a research model wherein social distancing served as the independent variable and remote working cultures as the moderating variable. This model was validated using confirmatory factor analysis and regression analysis techniques. Our investigation affirms that social distancing had adverse effects on informal learning within organisations. Additionally, it suggests that social distancing alone does not necessarily cultivate a remote working culture. However, our study reveals that a remote working culture can mitigate the repercussions of social distancing. Consequently, we observed positive effects on work performance through informal learning, even amidst the pandemic. A key outcome is that business leaders should promote a remote work culture and, based on this framework, establish hybrid work arrangements that effectively combine in-person and remote work.