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Integrating Personality Structure, Personality Process, and Personality Development
被引:234
|作者:
Baumert, Anna
[1
,2
]
Schmitt, Manfred
[3
]
Perugini, Marco
[4
]
Johnson, Wendy
[5
]
Blum, Gabriela
[3
]
Borkenau, Peter
[6
]
Costantini, Giulio
[4
]
Denissen, Jaap J. A.
[7
]
Fleeson, William
[8
]
Grafton, Ben
[9
]
Jayawickreme, Eranda
[8
]
Kurzius, Elena
[6
]
MacLeod, Colin
[9
]
Miller, Lynn C.
[10
,11
]
Read, Stephen J.
[11
]
Roberts, Brent
[13
,16
]
Robinson, Michael D.
[12
]
Wood, Dustin
[14
]
Wrzus, Cornelia
[15
]
机构:
[1] Max Planck Inst Res Collect Goods, Kurt Schumacher Str 10, D-53113 Bonn, Germany
[2] Tech Univ Munich, Sch Educ, Munich, Germany
[3] Univ Koblenz Landau, Dept Psychol, Mainz, Germany
[4] Univ Milano Bicocca, Dept Psychol, Milan, Italy
[5] Univ Edinburgh, Dept Psychol, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland
[6] Martin Luther Univ Halle Wittenberg, Dept Psychol, Halle, Germany
[7] Tilburg Univ, Dept Dev Psychol, Tilburg, Netherlands
[8] Wake Forest Univ, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA
[9] Univ Western Australia, Sch Psychol Sci, Ctr Adv Res Emot, Perth, WA, Australia
[10] Univ Southern Calif, Annenberg Sch Commun & Journalism, Los Angeles, CA USA
[11] Univ Southern Calif, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA USA
[12] North Dakota State Univ, Dept Psychol, Fargo, ND USA
[13] Univ Illinois, Dept Psychol, Chicago, IL 60680 USA
[14] Univ Alabama, Dept Management, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA
[15] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Dept Psychol, Mainz, Germany
[16] Eberhard Karls Univ Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany
关键词:
causal process;
structure;
development;
personality;
traits;
explanation;
emergence;
learning;
information processing;
affect;
motivation;
self-regulation;
network approach;
self-reflection;
functional approach;
BIG;
5;
SELF-REGULATION;
5-FACTOR MODEL;
TRAIT CHANGE;
INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES;
EMOTIONAL INFORMATION;
COGNITIVE-PROCESSES;
STATE EXTROVERSION;
POSITIVE AFFECT;
WEAK EMERGENCE;
D O I:
10.1002/per.2115
中图分类号:
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号:
04 ;
0402 ;
摘要:
In this target article, we argue that personality processes, personality structure, and personality development have to be understood and investigated in integrated ways in order to provide comprehensive responses to the key questions of personality psychology. The psychological processes and mechanisms that explain concrete behaviour in concrete situations should provide explanation for patterns of variation across situations and individuals, for development over time as well as for structures observed in intra-individual and inter-individual differences. Personality structures, defined as patterns of covariation in behaviour, including thoughts and feelings, are results of those processes in transaction with situational affordances and regularities. It cannot be presupposed that processes are organized in ways that directly correspond to the observed structure. Rather, it is an empirical question whether shared sets of processes are uniquely involved in shaping correlated behaviours, but not uncorrelated behaviours (what we term correspondence' throughout this paper), or whether more complex interactions of processes give rise to population-level patterns of covariation (termed emergence'). The paper is organized in three parts, with part I providing the main arguments, part II reviewing some of the past approaches at (partial) integration, and part III outlining conclusions of how future personality psychology should progress towards complete integration. Working definitions for the central terms are provided in the appendix. Copyright (c) 2017 European Association of Personality Psychology
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页码:503 / 528
页数:26
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