Pan-immune-inflammation value: a new prognostic index in operative laryngeal and pharyngeal carcinomas

Purpose This study aimed to further evaluate the potential value of Pan-Immune-Inflammation Value (PIV) as a prognostic marker in patients with laryngeal and pharyngeal tumors. Methods A total of 545 patients with laryngeal and pharyngeal tumors who underwent surgery at Qilu Hospital of Shandong University were included. We determined the optimal cutoff of PIV and divided the patients into two groups. The relationship between PIV and clinicopathological features was explored by the chi-square test and the Mann-Whitney U test. Survival analysis and Cox regression analysis were used to evaluate the relationship between PIV and overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). We also compared the prognostic predictive value of PIV with other inflammation-related markers. Finally, we developed a simple scoring prediction model based on several independent prognostic parameters. Results We found that PIV was statistically associated with clinicopathological features such as tumor stage (p < 0.001), node stage (p = 0.001), postoperative chemotherapy (p = 0.026), and vascular thrombosis (p = 0.027). Survival analysis demonstrated a significant correlation between elevated PIV and reduced OS and DFS (p < 0.0001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis further confirmed PIV as a prognostic indicator (HR 2.507; 95% CI 1.343-4.681; p = 0.004), which is superior to SII, NLR, MLR and PLR. Three of the independent prognostic factors screened by multivariate Cox regression analysis were selected to be used to create a scoring system with a concordance index of 0.756. Conclusions Elevated PIV is associated with poor prognosis in patients with laryngeal and pharyngeal tumors, suggesting that PIV may be an important adjunctive indicator for assessing patient prognosis. Registration information Registration number: KYLL-202307-001, date: July 2023.