Unconventional gas and oil exploitation in the province of Neuquén: Changes and transformations in the town of Añelo

This study delves, from a qualitative perspective, into various aspects surrounding the expansion of the Vaca Muerta megaproject located in the North Patagonian region of Argentina. Specifically, it explores the transformations in A & ntilde;elo, a town at the epicenter of unconventional hydrocarbon extraction activities in the province of Neuqu & eacute;n. The analysis focuses on the repercussions of population growth, the influx of people, and the emergence of new economic activities. These factors have heightened concerns about insecurity, instances of violence, and environmental risks, shaping the trajectory of the town's development. While there are some parallels with other extractive enclaves, the rapid pace of transformation and territorial interventions underscore a dynamic that gains momentum and intensity with the implementation of fracking technique for gas and oil extraction.