The Kinetic parameters, Thermodynamic parameters, and Mechanism of PLpro from SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic of Covid-19 has caused great harm to the world. Curbing the spread of the virus is therefore important to prevent and stop possible future outbreaks. The SARS-CoV-2 genome encodes an important papain-like protease (PLpro), which is located in its non-structural protein 3 (NSP3). PLpro is an essential cysteine protease, capable of cutting viral polyproteins, and has the ability to remove ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins, so it is an important antiviral target. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of PLpro are essential to understanding the mechanism of enzymatic activity and inhibition. In this paper, the PLpro of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 are compared and introduced in detail, and the data of their kinetic parameters and thermodynamic parameters are reviewed. Finally, we explain the mechanism of PLpro function and the inhibitory mechanism of GRL0617.