Teledermatology Versus In-Person Visits for the Follow-Up of Atopic Dermatitis Patients

Background: In recent years, teledermatology has rapidly emerged as a healthcare delivery method with potential implications for managing chronic inflammatory dermatoses like atopic dermatitis (AD).Objectives: This study assesses the utility of telemedicine in the management of AD by comparing virtual care with traditional in-office visits with the aim of identifying differences in clinical outcomes between these 2 healthcare delivery modalities.Methods: Patients of all ages with AD were recruited from 2 dermatology practices. Consecutive patients presenting to the clinics who met the inclusion criteria were invited to enrol in the study. Those who consented to participate were randomly assigned to the virtual or in-person arm of the study, with the opportunity to decline care in either study arm. The inclusion criteria required participants to have a confirmed diagnosis of AD. Exclusion criteria included significant comorbidity that might affect the course of treatment, inaccessibility to teleconsults such as not having a camera for video conferences, and self-declared limitations in operating Zoom. Patients were assessed at baseline (week 0), 4 to 6 weeks, and 8 to 12 weeks using 6 efficacy parameters.Results: In the virtual group, all 6 dermatological measures suggested improved outcomes. Average Body Surface Area scores decreased (beta = -.07, 95% CI = -0.1, -0.3) over the course of follow-up. Virtual care patients had 80% lower odds of moderate-to-severe uncontrolled disease (OR = 0.2; 95% CI = 0.06, 0.5) and pruritus (OR = 0.2, 95% CI = 0.05, 0.7) over time.Conclusions: This study supports teledermatology as a feasible and effective option for providing follow-up care for atopic dermatitis patients of various demographic standings.