Blockchain-based System Towards Data Security Against Smart Contract Vulnerabilities: Electronic Toll Collection Context

-Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) systems have been proposed as a replacement for traditional toll booths, where vehicles are required to queue to make payments, particularly during holiday period. Thus, the primary advantage of ETC is improved traffic efficiency. However, existing ETC systems lack the security necessary to protect vehicle information privacy and prevent fund theft. As a result, automatic payments become inefficient and susceptible to attacks, such as Reentrancy attack. In this paper, we utilize Ethereum blockchain and smart contracts as the automatic payment method. The biggest challenges are to authenticate the vehicle data, automatically deducts fees from the user's wallet and protects against smart contract Reentrancy Attack without leaking distance information. To address these challenges, we propose an end-to-end Verification algorithms at both entry and exit toll points that corporate measures to protect distance-related information from potential leaks. The proposed system's performance was evaluated on a private blockchain. Results demonstrate that our approach enhances transaction security and ensures accurate payment processing.