Hydrothermal synthesis and morphology control mechanism of BaTiO 3 from NaTi 3 O 6 (OH)(H 2 O) 2 precursors

We present a study on the hydrothermal synthesis of BaTiO 3 utilizing NaTi 3 O 6 (OH)- (H 2 O) 2 nanowires, which was conducted by controlling temperature, alkalinity and time. Initially, increased temperature has promoted the synthesis of BaTiO 3 and induce a change in the morphology. When the temperature increases within the range of 90 degrees C -210 degrees C, the morphology of the product transitions from nanoparticle to spindle -shaped to nanowires. Then, a time -dependent experiment was conducted to investigate the mechanisms involved in the transformation of the morphology. The formation of nanoparticle occurs through the process of dissolution -crystallization, while the formation of BaTiO 3 nanowires is attributed to hydrothermal ion exchange. Also, the hydrothermal process is characterized by grain aggregation and grain growth. By investigating the synthesis and morphology evolution of BaTiO 3 , this work holds significant potential for the synthesis of BaTiO 3 nanowires or other perovskite-type MTiO 3 employing titanate as a precursor.