A transporter that allows phosphate ions to control the polymorph of exoskeletal calcium carbonate biomineralization

被引:0
|
作者
Shaked, Shai A. [1 ,2 ]
Abehsera, Shai [1 ,2 ]
Ziegler, Andreas [3 ]
Bentov, Shmuel [1 ,2 ]
Manor, Rivka [1 ,2 ]
Weil, Simy [1 ,2 ]
Ohana, Ehud [4 ]
Eichler, Jerry [1 ]
Aflalo, Eliahu D. [1 ,5 ]
Sagi, Amir [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Life Sci, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel
[2] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Natl Inst Biotechnol Negev, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel
[3] Univ Ulm, Cent Facil Electron Microscopy, Albert Einstein Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
[4] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Clin Biochem & Pharmacol, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel
[5] Achva Acad Coll, Dept Life Sci, IL-79804 Shikmim, Israel
基金
以色列科学基金会;
关键词
Amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC); Biomineralization; Crustacean exoskeleton; Phosphate; SLC20; transporter; CRYSTAL-GROWTH; BONE; INHIBITION; PHASE; CRYSTALLIZATION; CALCIFICATION; PRECIPITATION; GASTROLITH; PROTEINS; FAMILY;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
R318 [生物医学工程];
学科分类号
0831 ;
摘要
The SLC20A2 transporter supplies phosphate ions (P i ) for diverse biological functions in vertebrates, yet has not been studied in crustaceans. Unlike vertebrates, whose skeletons are mineralized mainly by calcium phosphate, only minute amounts of P i are found in the CaCO 3 -mineralized exoskeletons of invertebrates. In this study, a crustacean SLC20A2 transporter was discovered and P i transport to exoskeletal elements was studied with respect to the role of P i in invertebrate exoskeleton biomineralization, revealing an evolutionarily conserved mechanism for P i transport in both vertebrates and invertebrates. Freshwater crayfish, including the study animal Cherax quadricarinatus , require repeated molt cycles for their growth. During the molt cycle, crayfish form transient exoskeletal mineral storage organs named gastroliths, which mostly contain amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC), an unstable polymorph long -thought to be stabilized by P i . RNA interference experiments via Cq SLC20A2 dsRNA injections reduced P i content in C. quadricarinatus gastroliths, resulting in increased calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) crystallinity and grain size. The discovery of a SLC20A2 transporter in crustaceans and the demonstration that knocking down its mRNA reduced P i content in exoskeletal elements offers the first direct proof of a long -hypothesized mechanism by which P i affects CaCO 3 biomineralization in the crustacean exoskeleton. This research thus demonstrated the distinct role of P i as an amorphous mineral polymorph stabilizer in vivo , suggesting further avenues for amorphous biomaterial studies.
引用
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页码:221 / 232
页数:12
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