Exploring potential of cold spray technology for medical devices: Current and future scenario

This review provides a comprehensive discussion on surface engineering of medical devices, with a central focus on the relatively new and innovative surface engineering technology, known as cold spray. The introduction sets the stage for the in-depth discussion on antimicrobial and biomedical surfaces, which highlights the importance of design and modification of medical device surfaces. Moreover, the current advancements in medical coatings and emerging trends are briefed that are shaping the future landscape of the medical coatings industry. The focus is on contemporary technologies, with a notable emphasis on the application of cold spray. The review also presents background information, bonding mechanisms, and process parameters involved in cold spray -based surface modification of various biomaterials. Moreover, a key question comprising whether cold spray can be a potential technology for medical device surface modifications has also been addressed. Additionally, the potential of cold spray for additive manufacturing of medical devices, such as the development of antimicrobial, biocompatible, and bioactive standalone products has been discussed. This review will serve as an important resource for researchers and practitioners interested in exploring the role of cold spray in advancing medical device manufacturing.