Mesonephric adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix with a prominent spindle cell component

Mesonephric adenocarcinomas (MAs) with spindle cell components are rare malignant cervical tumours. In the present study, a retrospective analysis of these tumours was performed. Clinicopathological data were gathered from electronic surgical pathology records, and both immunohistochemistry and targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) were performed. The present study included three postmenopausal female patients diagnosed with primary uterine cervical MA with prominent spindle cell components, aged 51-60 years. All patients underwent hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection. There were no recurrences or deaths after surgery. NGS analysis identified KRAS mutations in 2 cases and a PIK3-catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) mutation in another. Spindle cell components may indicate MAs at an advanced stage. Spindle cell components in MAs are diagnostic pitfalls, and the use of immunohistochemical panels and molecular detection cases with overlapping morphological features is recommended. While KRAS mutations are the most common types of mutations in MAs with spindle cell components, the present study demonstrates that PIK3CA mutations can also occur independently in cases without KRAS mutations.