Atmospheric muons measured with the KM3NeT detectors in comparison with updated numeric predictions

被引：2

作者：

Aiello, S. ^{[1
]}

Albert, A. ^{[2
,28
,52
]}

Alshamsi, M. ^{[3
,4
]}

Alves Garre, S. ^{[5
]}

Ambrosone, A. ^{[6
,7
,28
]}

Ameli, F. ^{[8
]}

Andre, M. ^{[9
]}

Androutsou, E. ^{[10
]}

Anguita, M. ^{[11
]}

Aphecetche, L. ^{[12
]}

Ardid, M. ^{[13
]}

Ardid, S. ^{[13
]}

Arsenic, A. ^{[14
]}

Atmani, H. ^{[15
]}

Aublin, J. ^{[16
]}

Badaracco, F. ^{[17
]}

Bailly-Salins, L. ^{[18
]}

Bardacova, Z. ^{[19
,20
]}

Baret, B. ^{[16
]}

Bariego-Quintana, A. ^{[5
]}

du Pree, S. Basegmez ^{[21
]}

Becherini, Y. ^{[16
]}

Bendahman, M. ^{[15
,16
]}

Benfenati, F. ^{[22
,23
]}

Benhassi, M. ^{[6
,24
]}

Benoit, D. M. ^{[25
]}

Berbee, E. ^{[21
]}

Bertin, V. ^{[3
]}

Biagi, S. ^{[26
]}

Boettcher, M. ^{[27
]}

Bonanno, D. ^{[26
]}

Boumaaza, J. ^{[15
]}

Bouta, M. ^{[28
]}

Bouwhuis, M. ^{[21
]}

Bozza, C. ^{[6
,29
,30
]}

Bozza, R. M. ^{[6
,7
]}

Branzas, H. ^{[31
]}

Bretaudeau, F. ^{[12
]}

Breuhaus, M. ^{[3
]}

Bruijn, R. ^{[21
,32
]}

Brunner, J. ^{[3
]}

Bruno, R. ^{[1
]}

Buis, E. ^{[21
,33
]}

Buompane, R. ^{[6
,24
]}

Busto, J. ^{[3
]}

Caiffi, B. ^{[17
]}

Calvo, D. ^{[5
]}

Campion, S. ^{[8
,34
]}

Capone, A. ^{[8
,34
]}

Carenini, F. ^{[22
,23
]}

机构：

[1] INFN, Sez Catania, INFN CT, Via Santa Sofia 64, I-95123 Catania, Italy

[2] Univ Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC, UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

[3] Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, IN2P3, CNRS, Marseille, France

[4] Univ Sharjah, Sharjah Acad Astron Space Sci & Technol, Univ Campus,POB 27272, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates

[5] CSIC Univ Valencia, IFIC Inst Fis Corpuscular, C Catedratico Jose Beltran 2, Paterna 46980, Valencia, Spain

[6] Complesso Univ Monte S Angelo, INFN, Sez Napoli, Via Cintia Ed G, I-80126 Naples, Italy

[7] Univ Napoli Federico II, Complesso Univ Monte S Angelo, Dip Sci Fis E Pancini, Via Cintia Ed G, I-80126 Naples, Italy

[8] INFN, Sez Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, I-00185 Rome, Italy

[9] Univ Politecn Cataluna, Ctr Tecnol Vilanova I La Geltru, Lab Aplicac Bioacust, Avda Rambla Exposicio S N, Vilanova I La Geltru 08800, Spain

[10] NCSR Demokritos, Inst Nucl & Particle Phys, Ag Paraskevi Attikis, Athens 15310, Greece

[11] Univ Granada, CITIC, Dept Comp Architecture & Technol, Granada 18071, Spain

[12] Nantes Univ, Subatech, IMT Atlantique, IN2P3,CNRS, 4 Rue Alfred Kastler La Chantrerie,BP 20722, F-44307 Nantes, France

[13] Univ Politecn Valencia, Inst Invest Gest Integrada Zonas Costeras, C Paranimf 1, Gandia 46730, Spain

[14] Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg FAU, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Nikolaus Fiebiger Str 2, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany

[15] Univ Mohammed V Rabat, Fac Sci, 4 Av Ibn Battouta,BP 1014, Rabat 10000, Morocco

[16] Univ Paris Cite, CNRS, Astroparticule & Cosmol, F-75013 Paris, France

[17] INFN, Sez Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146 Genoa, Italy

[18] Normandie Univ, LPC CAEN, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN,CNRS,IN2P3, 6 Blvd Marechal Juin, F-14050 Caen, France

[19] Czech Tech Univ, Inst Expt & Appl Phys, Husova 240-5, Prague 11000, Czech Republic

[20] Comenius Univ, Dept Nucl Phys & Biophys, Mlynska Dolina F1, Bratislava 84248, Slovakia

[21] Nikhef Natl Inst Subat Phys, POB 41882, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands

[22] INFN, Sez Bologna, 2 Vle C Berti Pichat 6-2, I-40127 Bologna, Italy

[23] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Vle C Berti Pichat 6-2, I-40127 Bologna, Italy

[24] Univ Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis, Viale Lincoln 5, I-81100 Caserta, Italy

[25] Univ Hull, E A Milne Ctr Astrophys, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, England

[26] INFN, Lab Nazl Sud LNS, Via S Sofia 62, I-95123 Catania, Italy

[27] Northwest Univ, Ctr Space Res, Private Bag X6001, ZA-2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa

[28] Univ Mohammed 1, Fac Sci, BV Mohammed VI,BP 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco

[29] INFN, Grp Coll Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy

[30] Univ Salerno, Dipartimento Fis, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy

[31] ISS, Atomistilor 409, Magurele 077125, Romania

[32] Univ Amsterdam, Inst Phys, IHEF, POB 94216, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands

[33] TNO, Tech Sci, POB 155, NL-2600 AD Delft, Netherlands

[34] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, I-00185 Rome, Italy

[35] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Ingn Energia Elettr & Informaz Gugli, Via Univ 50, I-47521 Cesena, Italy

[36] Cadi Ayyad Univ, Phys Dept, Fac Sci Semlalia, Av My Abdellah,POB 2390, Marrakech 40000, Morocco

[37] Univ Witwatersrand Wits, Sch Phys, Private Bag 3, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa

[38] Univ Catania, Dipartimento Fis & Astron Ettore Majorana, INFN CT, Via Santa Sofia 64, I-95123 Catania, Italy

[39] INFN, Sez Bari, Via Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy

[40] Western Sydney Univ, Sch Comp Engn & Math, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia

[41] Univ Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146 Genoa, Italy

[42] Univ Granada, Dpto Fis Teor & Cosmos, Granada 18071, Spain

[43] Univ Granada, CAFPE, Granada 18071, Spain

[44] NIOZ Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res, POB 59, NL-1790 AB Den Burg, Netherlands

[45] Leiden Univ, Leiden Inst Phys, POB 9504, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands

[46] Tbilisi State Univ, Dept Phys, 3 Chavchavadze Ave, Tbilisi 0179, Georgia

[47] Univ Georgia, Inst Phys, Kostava Str 77, Tbilisi 0171, Georgia

[48] Inst Univ France, 1 Rue Descartes, F-75005 Paris, France

[49] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, POB 524, ZA-2006 Auckland Pk, South Africa

[50] Lab Univ & Particules Montpellier, Pl Eugene Bataillon CC 72, F-34095 Montpellier 05, France

来源：

EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C | 2024年 / 84卷 / 07期

基金：

欧盟地平线“2020”; 美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

EXTENSIVE AIR-SHOWERS; ENERGY-SPECTRUM; COSMIC-RAYS; FLUX;

D O I：

10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13018-8

中图分类号：

O412 [相对论、场论]; O572.2 [粒子物理学];

学科分类号：

摘要：

The measurement of the flux of muons produced in cosmic ray air showers is essential for the study of primary cosmic rays. Such measurements are important in extensive air shower detectors to assess the energy spectrum and the chemical composition of the cosmic ray flux, complementary to the information provided by fluorescence detectors. Detailed simulations of the cosmic ray air showers are carried out, using codes such as CORSIKA, to estimate the muon flux at sea level. These simulations are based on the choice of hadronic interaction models, for which improvements have been implemented in the post-LHC era. In this work, a deficit in simulations that use state-of-the-art QCD models with respect to the measurement deep underwater with the KM3NeT neutrino detectors is reported. The KM3NeT/ARCA and KM3NeT/ORCA neutrino telescopes are sensitive to TeV muons originating mostly from primary cosmic rays with energies around 10 TeV. The predictions of state-of-the-art QCD models show that the deficit with respect to the data is constant in zenith angle; no dependency on the water overburden is observed. The observed deficit at a depth of several kilometres is compatible with the deficit seen in the comparison of the simulations and measurements at sea level.

引用

页数：19

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