Low-carbon Optimization Strategy of Integrated Demand Response Considering User’s Price Comparison Behavior

Under the background of China's "double carbon goals", the establishment of integrated energy systems (IESs) has become an important measure to achieve the goals of "carbon peaking" and "carbon neutrality" and the transformation of energy structure. The integrated demand response (IDR) is an effective way for the IESs to reduce carbon emissions and alleviate the imbalance between the supply side and the demand side. However, the existing literature on the IDR seldom consider the carbon emission costs of the IES system, and ignore the comparison behavior of the users to the incentive prices in different periods and the differentiated response characteristics of different users. This paper proposes an IDR carbon emission calculation model based on the carbon emission factor by adding the carbon emission costs to the objective function of the Integrated Energy System Provider (IESP), and effectively models the users’ price comparison behavior to the incentive prices in different periods by establishing an incentive cross-elastic coupling matrix. Meanwhile, by taking into account the users’ differentiated response characteristics, the differentiated incentives are developed to fully tap the users’ response potential so as to reduce the incentive costs of the IESP. The proposed model is established as an IESP-user two-layer optimization model, which is then transformed into a single-layer convex optimization model to be solved efficiently. Finally, the effectiveness of the model is verified by simulation experiments. The proposed model, as well as reducing the carbon emissions, lowers the response costs of the IESP and improves the comfort level of the users, achieving a win-win situation for all the parties. © 2024 Power System Technology Press. All rights reserved.