Economics of Emergency Department Visits by Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Real-World Analysis

Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with significant psychosocial, economic, and physical burden on patients. IBD care in the United States results in significant healthcare expenditure with recurring emergency department (ED) care and hospital admissions. Despite advances in therapy and improved access to specialty care, there is still room for improvement in cost-efficient care. Specialty medical homes and interdisciplinary care models have emerged as ways to improve medical care, patient outcomes, and quality of life, as well as improve the impact of healthcare costs. There is limited real-world data on cost in the United States, with many articles citing cost estimates from models.Methods We analyzed real-world data from our tertiary care center with a focus on recurrent ED visits by IBD patients. Descriptive statistics were used for a cost analysis of multiple ED visits by IBD patients. Patients with >= 4 visits to the ED in a 6-month period were described as SuperUsers and were included in a separate analysis. The cost of hospitalization was also included.Results Total cost associated with all ED visits from SuperUsers were $72 999.57 with an average of $6636.32 per patient. When the patients were admitted, the total cost of ED visits and hospitalizations was $721 461.52, with an average of $65 587.41 per patient.Conclusions ED utilization by IBD patients with or without hospitalization is expensive and is typically driven by a cohort of SuperUsers. More work needs to be done to improve cost-effectiveness in IBD care, including reducing the frequency of ED visits. Inflammatory bowel disease patients with uncontrolled disease may have frequent visits to the emergency department and/or multiple hospitalizations. This results in expensive care with worse outcomes. Healthcare professionals and patients should work together to optimize care for better outcomes.