Eigenstate Thermalization in Long-Range Interacting Systems

Motivated by recent ion experiments on tunable long-range interacting quantum systems [Neyenhuis et al., Sci. Adv. 3, e1700672 (2017)SACDAF2375-254810.1126/sciadv.1700672], we test the strong eigenstate thermalization hypothesis for systems with power-law interactions ∼1/rα. We numerically demonstrate that the strong eigenstate thermalization hypothesis typically holds, at least for systems with α≥0.6, which include Coulomb, monopole-dipole, and dipole-dipole interactions. Compared with short-range interacting systems, the eigenstate expectation value of a generic local observable is shown to deviate significantly from its microcanonical ensemble average for long-range interacting systems. We find that Srednicki's ansatz breaks down for α≲1.0, at least for relatively large system sizes. © 2022 American Physical Society.