Assessment of halal blockchain in the Indonesian food industry

PurposeThe demand for halal food products is increasing globally. However, fraudulent activities in halal products and certification are also rising. One strategy to ensure halal integrity in the food supply chain is applying halal blockchain technology. However, to date, a few studies have assessed the factors and variables that facilitate or hinder the adoption of this technology. Thus, this study aims to assess the significant factors and variables affecting the adoption of halal blockchain technology.Design/methodology/approachA Delphi-based approach, using semi-structured interviews, was conducted with three food companies (chicken slaughterhouses, milk processing plants and frozen food companies). The cognitive best-worst method determines the significant factors and variables to prioritise halal blockchain adoption decisions.FindingsThe results showed that the most significant factors were coercive pressure and halal strategy. Nineteen variables were identified to establish a valid hierarchical structure for halal blockchain adoption in the Indonesian food industry. The five significant variables assessed through the best-worst method were demand, regulator, supply side, sustainability of the company's existence and main customers.Practical implicationsThe proposed halal blockchain decision structure can assist food companies in deciding whether to adopt the technology.Originality/valueThis study proposes 19 variables that establish a valid hierarchical structure of halal blockchain adoption for the Indonesian food industry.