Computational Study of Ternary Devices: Stable, Low-Cost,and Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

Although perovskite solar cells with power conversion efficiencies（PCEs） more than 22% have been realized with expensive organic charge-transporting materials, their stability and high cost remain to be addressed. In this work, the perovskite configuration of MAPbX（MA = CH3 NH3,X = I3, Br3, or I2Br） integrated with stable and low-cost Cu:Ni Oxhole-transporting material, ZnO electron-transporting material, and Al counter electrode was modeled as a planar PSC and studied theoretically. A solar cell simulation program（wx AMPS）, which served as an update of the popular solar cell simulation tool（AMPS: Analysis of Microelectronic and Photonic Structures）, was used. The study yielded a detailed understanding of the role of each component in the solar celland its effect on the photovoltaic parameters as a whole. The bandgap of active materials and operating temperature of the modeled solar cell were shown to influence the solar cell performance in a significant way. Further, the simulation results reveal a strong dependence of photovoltaic parameters on the thickness and defect density of the light-absorbing layers. Under moderate simulation conditions, the MAPb Br3 and MAPbI 2 Br cells recorded the highest PCEs of 20.58 and 19.08%, respectively, while MAPbI3 cell gave a value of 16.14%.