The Emission Characteristics of Bio-Diesel Fuel in Heavy-Duty Engine

Recently, a great deal of attention have been directed to the use of alternative fuels as a means to reduce vehicular emissions. As one of the promising alternative fuels, bio-diesel has advantages of a wide adaptability without retrofit of diesel engine. It is also effective enough to reduce CO, THC, SOx, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and PM. In this study, we investigated the emission characteristics of biofuels between different operating conditions, i. e., engine speed (1,400 rpm and 2,300 rpm), engine load (10% and 100%), bio-diesel blending (BD0, BD5 and BD20), and recirculation (EGR) rate of exhaust gas (0% and 20%). Relative performance of the system was evaluated mainly for the greenhouse gases (CH4, N2O and CO2). In addition, emission characteristics of ND-13 mode were also tested against both greenhouse gases and other airborne pollutants under emission regulation. The relative composition of bio-diesel has shown fairly clear effects on the emission quantities of CO, THC, and PM emission, although it was not on NOx and greenhouse gases. EGR rate has shown trade-off characteristics between NOx and PM.