The use of armed guards on board merchant vessels

At the forefront of the subject of piracy at sea have been the United Kingdom and several other countries who have initiated legislation and rules that would enable the use of armed guards in merchant vessels who would protect them from acts of piracy. This approach brings to bear several issues such as the effect of the measures, the guidelines to be followed and the rights and liabilities of the ship operators in protecting their vessels, crew, passengers and property. This article discusses the various instances around the world of legislation and regulations pertaining to the use of armed guards on board sea faring vessels as well as some guidelines already issued by States. It identifies the key determinants connected to the issue such as risk assessment and management, the establishment of a security culture as well as the significance of corporate management and foresight. The article also discusses legal issues that pertain to corporate liability and accountability.