Risk factors and the seroprevalence of viral markers of hepatitis B (HVB) and hepatitis C (HCV) in high-risk groups in Chiapas

Introduction: Viral hepatitis virus hepatotrophic are a public health problem, with regional variations related to hygiene, socioeconomic status and health infrastructure, and habits. Objectives: To determine the seroprevalence of markers of hepatitis B and hepatitis C and associated factors in risk groups. Methods: We reviewed 434 questionnaires and 544 serological tests, the data were analyzed using measures of central tendency, of three prospective studies conducted in the state cross Chiapas, Mexico, in April 2007 to July 2010 that included personal health general hospital, prisoners in state criminal and sex workers. Results: 544 practice serological tests, 163 health personnel (Ps), 294 prisoners both sexes (P), 87 sex workers (Sx) and 392 questionnaires were eligible. Seroprevalence observed: (PS) anti-HBc 1.8% (3/159), anti-HCV 1.2% (2/159) and HBsAg 0%. (P) 1.92% for HCV (4/208), HBsAg 0.96% (2/208), anti-HBc 0%. Rapid tests in the prison area and female sex workers were negative. Risk factors: (Ps) 66.6% management of blood (n=88), accidental puncture of 47% (n= 63), handling without gloves discharge 38.6% (n= 51) and contact with hepatitis patients 73.4% (n= 97). (P): Transfusion 15.6% male / 6.0% female, tattoos 51.0% male / 17.6 female, Addictions 83.47%, 12.5% inhaled drugs, parenteral drugs 1.4%, 10.41% cocaine male prisoners. Sexually transmitted diseases -STDs- 18.75%, use of sex workers 37.5%. (Sx): number of sexual encounters from day 1 to 30 (47%), 11 to 20 (17.20%) and 4.3% from 21 to 30. Tattoos 19.35%, 17.20% STD, transfusion 8.6%, 6.4% in prison, drug and 4.3%. Conclusions: The results observed in health personnel are consistent with the national reports, the discrepancies appear between prisoners and sex workers due to the low intravenous drug abuse and sensitivity of the reagents used.