Serum Adenosine Deaminase Activity and Its Correlation with Glycated Haemoglobin Levels in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is suggested to be an important enzyme for modulating the bioactivity of insulin, but its clinical significance in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (Type 2 DM) is not yet characterized. The present study was undertaken to evaluate serum ADA activity and serum uric acid levels in patients of Type 2 DM. Material and Method: It is a of case control study. The subjects included in this study were divided into 3 groups. Group A consisted of 60 normal healthy individuals who served as controls with no history of DM. Group B consisted of 60 patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus both males & females in the age group of 40-65 years on oral hypoglycaemic drugs with HbA1(c) < 7%. Group C consisted of 60 patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus both males & females in the age group of 40-65 years on oral hypoglycaemic drugs with HbA1(c) > 7 %. Serum levels of fasting blood sugar, HbA1(c), ADA and uric acid were estimated in all the subjects under study. Results: All the three parameters, FBS, HbA1(c) and ADA levels were found to be increased in the patients of Type 2 DM as compared to controls. The mean serum uric acid levels showed a bell shaped relation with glycaemic control. Conclusion: From the present study, it is concluded that there is an increase in serum ADA levels with increase in HbA1c levels. It was found that the serum uric acid levels increased with moderately increasing levels of HbA1(c) < 7% and then decreased with further increasing levels of HbA1(c) > 7% (a bell-shaped relation).