Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A Mini Review

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) which emerged in hospitals in 1961 is now a leading cause of associated healthcare infections. The MRSA which is a Staphylococcus infection remarkably developed resistance to methicillin which was used to treat it. This review covers the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic measures, and effective management of MRSA. Currently, MRSA infection is encountered in small community hospitals, which leads to community-acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA) when the patients are discharged and introduce the strain into the community. MRSA can lead to diverse infection such as skin and soft tissue infections, bone and joint infections, and acute bacterial endocarditis. MRSA incidence is increasing in the population, and therapeutic measures are few and accompanied by diverse side effects notably the ability to develop resistance by S. aureus. Therefore, a well-formulated strategy which will prevent the spread of the pathogen is always a priority for healthcare providers. It is noteworthy to state that Vancomycin is still the first line drug although a Vancomycin-resistant strain has been reported.