Development of School Climate Scale (SCS): Measuring Primary School Teachers' Perceptions in Islamabad, Pakistan

The present study was carried out to develop an indigenous instrument to assess teachers perception of school climate in primary schools of Islamabad, Pakistan. An item pool of 110 items was generated through literature review, interviews with school heads, and focus group discussions with teachers. For pilot testing SCS was administered to a sample of primary school teachers (N=243) from Federal Capital, Islamabad. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) yielded three factors i.e., relationships, support and obstacles to teaching. Psychometric properties of the scale were found to be satisfactory. The instrument could be helpful in gathering insight about various aspects of school climate and help researchers, principals, and teachers in improving the teaching-learning process and overall effectiveness of schools in Pakistan.