The 'Habsburg Dilemma' Today: Competing Discourses of National Identity in Contemporary Austria

This article analyses discourses of Austrian national identity. It discusses the reproduction (and contestation) of national identities on the levels of everyday language, political debate and policy. Three discursive formations of the nation-and their histories-are discussed: a nowadays marginal and de-legitimated discourse of panGermanic ethnicism; the hegemonic paradigm of 'Austrian-ness', which itself comprises a range of ideological positions and constitutes the over- arching framework to most (relevant) debates; and counter-hegemonic discourses including European-and 'postnational' identity formations. The article also discusses individuals' ongoing negotiation of, and possible resistance to, discourses of national belonging, and concludes by relating its findings to the contemporary salience of national identities as a reaction to the (perceived) consequences of economic globalisation.