Some Biomarkers in Acute Myocardial Infarction

Background: Several changes in serum biochemical factors occur in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Recently alterations in serum levels of homocysteine (Hcy), sialic acid (SA) and high sensitive C-reactive protein (HS-CRP) has been attended as risk factors and index for prediction. This study was aimed to show the alterations in these factors and their relationships in AMI. Methods: Thirty four patients with AMI were enrolled in this case-control study. Also 51 apparently healthy individuals were selected as control group. Serum was prepared from all subjects in fasting state. Hcy and HS-CRP were measured using ELISA and SA was determined by Erlich method. Results: Serum levels of Hcy, SA and HS-CRP in AMI patients were 14.35 +/- 2.55 mu mol/l, 73.54 +/- 2.82 mg/dl, and 17.32 +/- 3.45 mg/l, respectively and in the control group they were 8.31 +/- 2.66 mu mol/l, 59.82 +/- 2.70 mg/dl and 2.77 +/- 1.98 mg/l, respectively. Statistical analysis of data showed that serum level of Hcy, SA, and HS-CRP in the patients with AMI was significantly higher than those of control (P<0.001). Also significant correlation was observed between Hcy-HS-CRP (r=0.63), SA-Hcy (r=0.73), and SA - CRP (r=0.75) (P<0.05 for all items). Conclusion: Our findings showed increased level of HS- CRP, SA, and Hcy in AMI patients. Also obtained data indicated a direct and significant correlation between HS- CRP as an inflammation index and Hcy and SA. Hence these two factors can be used as biomarkers in this disease.