A Rare Cause of Empyema in Children: Streptococcus pyogenes

Empyema is the presence of purulent material in the pleural cavity, and it is a well-known and frequent complication of pneumonia in children. Despite the new antimicrobial treatment options and the different drainage techniques, parapneumonic pleural empyema still represents a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Streptococcus pyogenes is an infrequent cause of empyema. In this article, we will present a four-teen years old girl with empyema who presented with severe additional clinical symptoms including hypotension and hypoxia. Streptokinase is five times table fibrinolytic therapy improved after implementation of broad-spectrum antibiotics, has been used up to six weeks. We wanted to present this case because of the challenges that we faced in the management of the disease.