Source Apportionment of PM10 at Pyeongtaek Area Using Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) Model

In order to identify the PM10 pollutant sources, positive matrix factorization (PMF) was applied to the chemical composition data of ambient PM10 samples that were collected at Pyeongtaek in Gyeonggi-do every fifth day from January 2015 to December 2016. Carbon species (organic and elemental carbon), ionic matter, and trace elements of PM10 were analyzed and the results were included in the PMF model. Nine PM10 sources were identified and apportioned by using important individual indicators of chemical species on each of the resolved source profiles from the PMF modeling. The identified nine sources were secondary sulfate (19.4%), secondary nitrate (18.7%), biomass burning (17.6%), soil (12%), sea salt (9.3%), industry (7.6%), diesel emission (6.3%), gasoline emission (5.7%), and incineration (3.3%). Also, the results of conditional probability function (CPF) showed that PM10 levels were influenced by local-sources such as industry, incineration and soil. The results of this study will provide the fundamental information to help regularize the PM10 control strategies for improvement the air quality in the study region.